📍Pathological increase in the volume of the endometrium, manifested by both clinical changes and changes at the cell level. Is an underlying disease for the development of endometrial cancer. More: https://pillintrip.com/ru/medicine/citoles.
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📍But at the same time, the risk of transition of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia to endometrial cancer is less than 5% within 20 years,
âť— In most cases, hyperplasia without atypia spontaneously regresses during follow-up. â €
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📍Main complaints:
Abnormal uterine bleeding: very heavy and prolonged periods,
👉 intermenstrual discharge,
Shortening the cycle less than 21 days,
Anyâť— menopausal bleeding
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❓Why does hyperplasia develop? ⠀
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– The main reason is an excess of estrogen, and a lack of progesterone. Under the influence of estrogens, cells grow, they are not rejected, in some cases, they can even change â €
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📍Risk factors: ⠀
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âť— Perimenopause (mostly) – the period when ovulation becomes irregular, progesterone levels are low â €
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âť—Using drugs that act like estrogens â €
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âť— Irregular menstruation, especially associated with polycystic ovary syndrome or infertility. â €
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âť— Obesity, with an increase in body weight, the conversion of androgens in adipose tissue into estrogens increases; â €
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âť—Previous medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus, gallbladder disease, or thyroid disease. â €
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âť—Smoking, smoking disrupts estrogen metabolism and increases the amount of dangerous metabolites â €
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âť—estrogen-secreting ovarian tumors such as granulosa cell tumors â €
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âť—Family history of ovarian, colon, or uterine cancer (Lynch syndrome) â €
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📍What is hyperplasia ⠀
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According to the WHO classification in 2014, it allocates â €
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hyperplasia without atypia â €
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atypical hyperplasia. â €
Diagnostics: â €
Ultrasound with measurement of endometrial thickness â €
In postmenopausal women, a threshold has been proposed for excluding endometrial cancer, and it has been shown that the likelihood of cancer is reduced to less than 1% when the thickness of the endometrium is less than 3-4 mm.